Biology Midterm – Practice

Matching Terms (1 pt each)

_____ 1. Biology _____ 2. Law of Conservation of Energy _____ 3. Speciation _____ 4. Ecology _____ 5. Compounds _____ 6. hydrophilic _____ 7. hydrophobic _____ 8. photosynthesis _____ 9. Krebs Cycle _____ 10. cell	process where plants use sunlight to make energy the study of the living and non-living things and their environment means water-loving the study of life smallest unit of life energy cannot be created or destroyed second stage of cellular respiration the process of making a new species water –hating a substance that is formed when atoms are joined

Multiple choice (1 pt each)

A chemical called ___________ contains the instructions for life.

Protein	c. cell

DNA	d. atom

Animals ___________________ to live better in their environments.

Grow	c. adapt

Evolve	d. reproduce

Scientists use the _____________________ to answer questions.

Scientific method	c. dictionary

Laboratory	d. specimen

Which is a subscript in this chemical equation? H2O

a. H	c. O

c. C	d. 2

5. A polar molecule is one that has ___________________.

a. opposite ends have opposite electrical charges

b. opposite ends have the same electrical charges

c. ends have no charge

d. all charges are negative

6.Proteins help a cell _____________________?

a. grow and work	c. absorb water

b. make carbon	d. die

7. A molecule that works with DNA to make proteins is _______________.

a. H2O	c. RNA

b. Na	d. NaCl

8. ________________ is the process that cells use to break down food into energy.

a. Kreb’s Cycle	c. photosynthesis

b. cellular respiration	d. diffusion

9. Which of the following is an example of kinetic energy?

a. a ball sitting on a table	c. a ball at the bottom of a ramp

c. a ball in your hand	d. a ball rolling down a ramp

10. He used pea plants to experiment with genetics.

a. Einstein	c. Mendel

b. Aristotle	d. Darwin

Fill-In (1 pt each)

The information gained from an experiement is called ____________________ and is recorded for analysis.

New life is created through the process of __________________________.

A(n) ________________________ is an educated guess.

A(n) _______________ is a tiny particle in the nucleus of an atom that has a positive electrical charge.

The number of protons in a nucleus of an atom is called the _________________.

A(n) _____________________has no charge and is found in the nucleus.

Anything that has mass and takes up space is _________________________.

A(n) _______________________ is two simple sugars bonded together.

A(n) ____________________ is a section of DNA that contains hereditary information.

A compound that contains carbon is called a(n) _______________ compound.

Glucose is an example of a _____________________ , which means it only has one sugar molecule.

A group of similar cells with similar functions is a(n) ___________________.

The diffusion of water molecules is called ________________. (Think about our egg experiment)

a state where concentrations are equal in all parts of an area is ________________.

A scientist would use a(n) _____________________ to view a cell.

A molecule that moves through a membrane using ______________ requires no energy.

The process of breathing or taking in oxygen is called _______________.

The study of how traits are passed through generations is called ______________.

A(n) ________________ is a tool to predict the possible results of a genetic cross.

A trait determined by the X and Y chromosome is a(n) ________________.

Extended response

1. How many atoms are in the following molecule?	CaCO3 ______ (1pt)

2. Label the proton, electron, neutron, nucleus of the Helium atom below. (4pts)

What is the difference between a Prokaryote and a Eukaryote cell? (3pts)

What are the six steps of the scientific method and what do you do in each step. (12pts)

Step	Description

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

Fill out the Punnett Square and answer the following questions.

Use this vocabulary to help you answer the questions.
Genotype the two letters that make up a trait (TT Tt tt)
Phenotype what the letters stand for (tall short)
Homozygous: a trait made up of the same letter said to be purebred (TT tt)
Heterozygous:a trait made up of a dominant and recessive gene (Tt)
Dominant Gene: gene whose trait always shows itself
Recessive Gene: gene of a trait that is hidden when the dominant gene is present

Use the vocabulary above to answer the following questions.

SpongeBob is known for his big round eyes (R), which is dominant over an oval eye shape (r). If he is heterozygous for his round eye shape and marries a woman with oval eye shape, what type of eyes might the kids have? Answer the following questions to find out.

A. List the genotypes for each:

heterozygous round eyes - _______ Oval eyes - _______

B. Complete the Punnett square to show the possibilities that would

result if SpongeBob had children with an oval-eyed woman.

C. List the possible genotypes and phenotypes for their children.

D. What are the chances of a child with a round eye shape? ____%

E. What are the chances of a child with an oval eye shape? ____%